One of the grand challenges of quantum computing development is the effective linking of groundbreaking laboratory research and proof-of-concept realization with prototyping, pre-industrialization activities, and subsequent productization and production.
- Academic research organizations typically focus on the earlier stages, and private-sector companies on the later ones, but since its founding in 1967, CEA-Leti has followed a unique approach to developing "full stacks" of effective, manufacturable technologies that reach market successfully.
- This involves cultivating a combination of world-class facilities and personnel, fostering a working environment that takes a long view of the research-tomarket process, and building strong relationships with companies (including established leaders, spinouts, and startups) and establishing scientific collaborations with leading research organizations and universities worldwide.
| ![](/cea-tech/leti/PublishingImages/Recherche%20appliquée/Axes%20de%20Recherche/Quantum-Computing/new/Stack_CEA.jpg) (c) CEA
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